Posts Tagged ‘television’

Big Media Versus Big Media

Thursday, March 4th, 2010

I don’t watch a lot of television, but I watch enough that I caught a PSA-style bit from Cablevision about their spat with Disney over carriage fees for the New York City region. Disney wants to charge Cablevision more money to carry ABC7 here in New York, and of course Cablevision doesn’t want to pay more. The real hitch is that unless a deal is reached, Cablevision subscribers will lose ABC as of 12.01am on Sunday, March 7, the same day as the Oscars, exclusively broadcast by ABC. (Time Warner and Fox had a similar fight last December, where Time Warner customers faced the possibility of losing access to Fox channels.) As I said, I don’t watch a lot of TV, but I am a Cablevision subscriber and the Oscars are an annual guilty pleasure for me, so I’ll be bummed if I can’t watch them.

Since I pay money every month to Cablevision so I can watch TV and use the Internet, I guess I should be on Cablevision’s side. But as I looked deeper into the feud, I come up with more questions than answers. Cablevision says Disney wants $40 million more per year, Disney denies the number but won’t clarify how much it is actually asking for. Is Cablevision fabricating the $40 million claim, knowing that Disney won’t publicly disclose the amount, even if it is less than that? Disney says that Cablevision makes millions of dollars off them every year, and the increase of $1 per customer is fair. Cablevision says that it shouldn’t have to pay more for what it’s already getting, and that it is wrong for Disney to ask for more money from subscribers during a recession. Senator John Kerry says that the FCC should get involved for the sake of consumers, but Texas Congressman Joe Barton says that it’s not the government’s place to interfere in a dispute between two corporations. The Long Island Press ran a scathing story today about how Cablevision is compromising the journalistic integrity of Newsday, its financially-troubled newspaper property. When I visit the corporate websites for both Disney and Cablevision, there is nothing on the main page about the issue, and no news releases on it either. And yet, we as consumers are asked to weigh in with our opinions.

News can be confusing enough, but it seems to get especially nasty when two major media outlets are doing battle with each other. With all of this information, how can I, or anyone else, know what to trust? This is a crux of news literacy; you’re supposed to keep asking questions and not accept information in blind faith, but when you do that it is still hard to know what to believe. However, the value of news literacy, especially with stories like these which can have an immediate and lasting impact on the public, is not to get the “right” answer.  It is that you have a variety of information from a variety of sources which are informing your opinions, so that no one news source has a blank check for how you will see and understand the world around you.

I am personally frustrated when I read about the Cablevision-Disney dispute. I have Cablevision because they are the only company which services my building, but I don’t like their service. I would switch to another provider if I could. And it’s also hard for me to read about both Cablevision and Disney both posting better-than-expected profits, and have much sympathy as they spar over money which does not seem to be the breaking point for either of them, whether spent or saved. I am not able to pick a side. Maybe you can, but the important thing is not to let the media do your job for you. News literacy is vital for responsible citizenship, but the responsibility begins and ends with you.

–Emily Long

Gaslight: March in Media History

Saturday, February 27th, 2010

March 10, 1949: Mildred Gillars, aka “Axis Sally,” American broadcaster for Radio Berlin during WWII, is convicted of treason. Born in Portland, Oregon, Gillars pursued an acting career in New York City, and although she did get work, she didn’t realize the success of her dreams. In 1935 she moved to Germany to teach English, but eventually was hired by Radio Berlin as a broadcaster, which gave her a chance to flex her acting muscles. She referred to herself as “Midge on the mic” but was dubbed “Axis Sally” by the American allied forces who listened to her broadcasts. Her radio program was called “Home Sweet Home” and typically tried to weaken the morale of US soldiers with suggestions that their girlfriends and wives back home were being unfaithful. However, her most famous broadcast was “Vision of Invasion,” a play about a woman who dreamed her son had been killed at sea crossing the English Channel, complete with exceedingly graphic sound effects of the exploding ship. To boot, it was aired just one month before the D-Day invasion. When she was being prosecuted for treason, it was largely this broadcast which was used as evidence of her crime (though her oath swearing allegiance to Germany didn’t help her either). Finally, on March 10, her heavily covered, soap-opera trial which also detailed her romance with German serviceman Max Otto Koischwitz, ended with a sentence of 10-30 years in prison and a $10,000 fine. She served 12 years and became a kindergarten music teacher when released.

March 25, 1954: RCA begins production of color television sets. Retailing for $1,000 each, the sets came after an intense war in the 1940s between RCA and CBS about development of the color field sequential system which was to be used as the broadcasting standard, and the system’s compatibility with existing black and white television sets. Also complicating matters was the ban on color television sets was the ban on color set production which began in 1951 with the Korean War–the need to allocate funds to the war put a halt on the development of color receivers. But, RCA eventually had its day, and we’ve never watched TV the same way since.

Jack Paar

March 29, 1962: Jack Paar hosts “The Tonight Show” for the last time. After five years of hosting and ultimately creating the late-night talk-show format still used today, Paar left because he wanted to spend more time with his family and escape the press with its ruthless coverage of his internal quarrels with NBC executives and other stars in entertainment. He was replaced by Johnny Carson, who remained the show’s host until May 22, 1992.

Gaslight: February in Media History

Monday, February 1st, 2010

Milai cartoon

Cartoon by Sam Milai for the Pittsburgh Courier

In honor of Black History Month, The LAMP dedicates February’s Gaslight to African American pioneers in news media.

February 3, 1947: Percival Prattis becomes the first African American news correspondent admitted to the press galleries of both the United States House of Representatives and the Senate. In addition to his work as a journalist, Prattis was a civil rights leader working to advance the African American press. A veteran of World War I, Prattis joined the Pittsburgh Courier in 1935, became editor in 1956 and retired in 1962. He has been noted for his ability to unify black newsmen behind the fight against discrimination of African Americans in the press, particularly in the years around World War II. Prattis’ ability to directly observe Congress allowed him to report on government proceedings with firsthand knowledge of events, and he could apply his unique perspective as an African American veteran and leader of the early movement for civil rights.

February 8, 1944: Before Percival Prattis integrated the Congressional news galleries, Harry S. McAlpin integrated the Washington press corps when he became the first African American admitted to a White House press conference. McAlpin was advised against going to the press conference by Paul Wooten, reporter for the New Orleans Times-Picayune and President of the White House Correspondents Association (WHCA). Wooten informed McAlpin that he was not welcome in the press conference, that he would be given the notes taken by others in attendance for use in his reporting, and was told he could join the WHCA if he agreed to stay out of the press conferences. However, McAlpin attended the conference in the Oval Office anyway, and made a point of stopping by President Theodore Roosevelt’s desk. The President shook his hand and said, “I’m glad to see you McAlpin, and very happy to have you here.”

Malvin R. Goode

Malvin R. Goode

February 13, 1908: This is the birthday of Malvin R. Goode, who became the first African American television news correspondent for ABC in 1962. It happened that the lead ABC correspondent was on vacation during the Cuban Missile Crisis, and Goode was called upon to report in his absence. His 1995 obituary in the New York Times notes that Mal Goode was recommended to the position by his friend Jackie Robinson, and anchor Peter Jennings considered him a mentor. Before going on television, Goode worked at the Pittsburgh Courier while Percival Prattis was there, and continued the fight for civil rights long after his retirement from ABC in 1973.

Gaslight: January in Media History

Monday, January 11th, 2010

Matt DrudgeJanuary 17, 1998: A major milestone in online journalism was reached on this day, when blogger Matt Drudge reported on The Drudge Report that Newsweek magazine had killed a story about President Clinton having an affair with a young White House intern. Newsweek reporter Michael Isikoff had been investigating the story for almost a year, but at the last minute, the magazine decided not to bring it to press due to questions of credibility regarding the recorded telephone conversations between Monica Lewinsky and Linda Tripp. Drudge was tipped off by a source within Newsweek, and posted his item online around 11.30pm PST, before any other news outlets could go to print in the morning. The actual breaking of the news highlights many of the issues surrounding online journalism today–Drudge had no editor, and was willing to publish an item even though the source was questionable. However, perhaps it was the very lack of bureaucracy and politics within a mainstream media news outlet that allowed Drudge to publish; after all, he had little to lose if the story was false, whereas the future of Newsweek would have been in peril. Plus, Drudge was able to report the story in the middle of the night, and readers around the world could get the news instantly, long before the morning paper arrived or television news crews could convene for another broadcast. When the story turned out to be true, news outlets around the world were faced with the reality of a changing digital landscape for journalists and their readers.

Eisenhower in one of his televised news conferences

January 19, 1955: Another pivotal moment for Washington journalism occurred when President Dwight D. Eisenhower allowed the first televised presidential news conference from the White House. Before this time, the American people could only learn of the President’s remarks through reprints in newspapers by other journalists. Television allowed people to engage more closely with the President and the issues at hand, since they could now hear and him speaking for himself right in their living rooms. Although it wasn’t until John F. Kennedy’s administration that presidential news conferences were televised live, Eisenhower took an important first step towards increasing the level of transparency between the federal government and the public.

Image from parody of "The Raven" from "The Simpsons"

January 29, 1845: On this day, one of the best-known poems by one of America’s best-known poets was published when Edgar Allen Poe’s “The Raven” graced the pages of the New York Evening Mirror. Poe’s piece about a man lamenting the loss of his beloved Lenore has fascinated generations of readers with its macabre story juxtaposed against a singsong rhyme structure, and it has been the subject of more than a few parodies.

Me, Myself and Media: Ten Years in Review

Tuesday, January 5th, 2010

New years lend themselves to reflection, but this is especially true for new decades. I am no exception, but what strikes me as I look back is how closely my personal development has tracked with the development of new media and new technologies. I started college in 1999, back when the .edu email address as standard issue for incoming students was still a pretty new concept. I was no longer identified by whatever silly nickname informed my first email address I used in high school. For the next four years, my online correspondence and identity was linked with a handle assigned to me by some computer system, and there was nothing I could do to change it. In high school, I had a name, but as I began to pass into independent adulthood, I had a user ID.

The first time masses of people around me believed the end of the world was near was with Y2K, all because computers might not be able to understand a date change. Of course, life went on, and when 9/11 happened, the Internet was the first stop for those of us who couldn’t get an intelligible news story from the bewildered commentators on TV in the student union. For me, television was the only media that was able to fully communicate the destruction and fear of that day and those that followed. The images were somehow comforting. If I had only learned of the events by radio or through still pictures (video was not yet commonly found online), I know that my imagination would have dreamed up something even worse than reality.

Also in 2001, I got my first cell phone, since I finally had a car at school and my parents were worried about me driving between Chicago and Champaign by myself with no phone to use in an emergency. Though less clunky than the car phone we had in the family minivan, this one was still fairly cumbersome. I could fit a whopping twelve names in my speed-dial, got whatever ringtone the thing came with, and the digits on the screen looked similar to the digits on a clock radio.  By comparison, I can now program a nearly infinite number of contacts into my phone, have the choice of thousands of ringtones which can be customized to match the person calling me, plus I can watch video, check email, take pictures, send pictures, play games, play music, organize my calendar, get directions and much more that would have been a challenge for the desktop computer I had in college.

I graduated college in 2003, and when I moved to New York City for graduate school a few months later, I purchased a refurbished laptop to replace my ancient desktop PC. I upgraded to a snazzy new flip phone with a color screen. I purchased my first television, which also had a VHS and DVD player. Early in 2004, I met the man who is now my husband—through something called Friendster. Also in my grad school years, I first heard of something called “media literacy” in a class I took with Todd Gitlin, and I was hooked. The next year, pinching pennies while writing my thesis, I began a personal experiment/money-saving venture where I cut out TV altogether, and used the set solely for watching videos and DVDs. I quickly came to love the absence of commercials in my apartment, and found that watching things on demand from my library was far better than living by a schedule devised by someone else.

The innovations since 2006 may have been greater in number, but none impacted my life as much as the earlier years. As I grew more independent in my own life, the media and technology industries seemed to grow with me, making their products more accessible, personalized and interactive. I used to feel embarrassed when I got upset with my computer for losing a file or with my phone for dropping a call. With technology having played such a large role in my life, it was easy to put my gadgets through a process of anthropomorphosis. Ten years ago, I was being taught that media happens to me—like it or not, you get an email address, crashing computers will end our planet. On the surface it seems that now, I happen to media—watching what I want when I want it, choosing wallpaper for my smart phone, creating an online space to socialize with people I choose, loading up my laptop with any number of applications and programs to adapt it to my needs. But the more I think about my relationship with media then, now and into the future, one thing seems certain: The line of control will always be blurry. The pursuit of media literacy is just one way to keep that power in check.

–Emily Long

Regret, Resignation and News Literacy

Thursday, November 12th, 2009

Sean Hannity

Sean Hannity

I’m guessing most of you heard on the news this morning that CNN anchor Lou Dobbs resigned as of last night, after much controversy over his remarks about the validity of President Obama’s birth certificate.  Also last night, Sean Hannity apologized to viewers for splicing footage from two different political rallies to make one appear larger, and acknowledged that Jon Stewart was right.  What is going on?

These incidents strike me as a possible indication that we are becoming more news literate. I do believe that as far as television news is concerned, the line between journalism and editorializing seems to have blurred. I’m happy that people are asking questions, and they are asking them loudly enough that networks have no choice but to respond. I applaud CNN for its choice to remove a pundit masquerading as a reporter, and though Sean Hannity may continue to carry that mantle, I applaud him for apologizing. I have no more or less respect for his work, but it takes a lot for people to admit they were wrong, and perhaps even more so when such an admission takes place in front of audience of millions. The news frequently gets things wrong, and it frequently oversteps the boundaries of strict journalism, but it is not often that the people involved make such public apologies. (Even retractions are typically found only in fine print.) It makes me proud that the notion of news reporting as fallible is catching on.

Meanwhile, we have not heard the last from either Lou Dobbs or Sean Hannity, and we will certainly continue to hear irresponsible reporting and poorly-argued editorials. News literacy continues to be of key importance in a media-saturated environment; simply removing someone doesn’t make us more literate. But it does provide a strong example to back up what we at The LAMP say often: When we demand smarter media, the media producers will respond. After all, the best argument for removing Lou Dobbs, at least from a CNN perspective, is the ratings drop.

–Emily Long

News from The LAMP! Our November Illuminations Newsletter

Monday, November 9th, 2009


The LAMP Illuminations
November 2009
In This Issue
Spotlight: Lorenzo Tijerina
Highlight: Katherine Fry Speaks!
Gaslight: November in Media History

Happening now at The LAMP…

Mt Hope

This month, The LAMP continues its workshops with Mount Hope in The Bronx and Brooklyn Prospect Charter School in Brooklyn, and will also be conducting a professional development workshop with teachers at MOUSE. This follows presentations by Executive Director D.C. Vito and Communications Director Emily Long on social media for the Business Development Institute, and Education Director Katherine Fry’s participation on a news literacy panel with the New York State Communications Association! If you’re interested in hosting a workshop for teachers or in having a LAMP representative speak at your event, email us at info@thelampnyc.org.

Spotlight: Lorenzo Tijerina
LorenzoLorenzo Tijerina is a father, former television news editor, independent videographer and photographer…and LAMP facilitator! Check out our Spotlight interview to read about his experience working in TV news, his path to media literacy and the media he creates with his young son.

Highlight: Katherine Fry Speaks!

Katherine FryThe LAMP’s Education Director, Katherine Fry, Ph.D., is also a prominent media scholar. On November 10th at 11am, Dr. Fry will offer a lecture presentation called “Mother Choices: Evaluating Moms Evaluating News.” The lecture, which will take place in the Woody Tanger auditorium of the Brooklyn College library, describes her current research: an exploration of changes in news and the identity of mothers. This talk is part of the Wolfe Institute in the Humanities lecture series at Brooklyn College, where Dr. Fry is an associate professor in the Dept. of Television and Radio. And, if you have plans to be in Chicago on November 14, don’t miss Dr. Fry’s presentation on News Literacy at the National Communication Association!

To help us continue our services as New York City’s only nonprofit organization giving free media literacy workshops to parents, youth and educators, please consider a small tax-deductible donation. Your donation goes to work immediately supporting workshop equipment, supplies, and administrative and facilitator fees.

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The LAMP recommends: Feed by M.T. Anderson

Feed cover

Feed by M.T. Anderson is the story of what happens if media technologies continue to develop and if we continue to fail at preparing our youth to deal with the resulting barrage of media messages. In this ironic satirical YA novel, Anderson presents a world where a computer “feed” is connected directly to the human brain, leading to a glut of consumption and information overload. Complete with brilliantly updated versions of teenage slang, Feed tells the story of a boy named Titus, who fails to question the world he lives in, until he meets Violet, a girl with a mind of her own–even if it’s still connected to the feed.–Megha Kohli

Gaslight: November
in Media History

November was a tumultuous month for the makers of media. Why? Check out this month’s Gaslight entry!

Hollywood Ten

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Gaslight: September in Media History

Thursday, September 3rd, 2009

 

Early Swanson TV dinner ad

Early Swanson TV dinner ad

September 10, 1953:

Swanson sells TV dinners. Why is this a big deal for media? For one thing, TV dinners mostly came into being because of, well…TV. By this time, television had become a mainstay for Americans, who were constant viewers of new shows like “I Love Lucy” and “The Bob Hope Show.” It makes sense that people would want a way to come home from work, relax, catch their favorite TV shows and eat dinner at the same time–with no cooking or cleaning to get in the way. The timing was also perfect because Swanson found itself with 520,000 pounds of turkey, and lacked the warehouse space to store it. Packing it up, freezing it and shipping it out was the solution, and dinner has never been quite the same since. Now, eating in front of the TV is cited as one reason why it can be the most harmful passive activity.

Fala and FDR

Fala and FDR

September 23, 1944 and 1952:

On this date in 1944, Franklin Roosevelt delivered his “Fala speech” as a response to Republican attacks being made against him at the time. A rumor had been going around that Roosevelt’s beloved Scottish Terrier, Fala, had been left behind when FDR was visiting the Aleutian Islands, and that the distraught president had sent a destroyer to retrieve the dog at great cost to taxpayers. While campaigning for the 1944 election, Roosevelt invoked the story during a speech made at a campaign fundraising dinner, saying, “These Republican leaders have not been content with attacks on me, or my wife, or my sons. No, not content with that, they now include my little dog, Fala…I think I have a right to resent, to object, to libelous statements about my dog.” This speech was later known as the “Fala speech,” and humanized Roosevelt while making Republican attackers appear desperate and strained.

Nixon and Checkers

Nixon and Checkers

Exactly eight years later in 1952, inspired by the Fala speech, Richard Nixon (who was then a US Senator and the Republican nominee for Vice President) delivered his famous “Checkers speech.” Nixon had been accused of misusing money from a fund which had been set up to reimburse the candidate for his campaign expenses, and answered the accusations with a radio and television address defending himself. He mentioned that there was one gift he would not give back, and that was the black and white cocker spaniel sent by an admirer in Texas, which his daughter named Checkers. After the address, Nixon received an outpouring of support from the public, and he remained on the ticket despite the scandal. The Checkers speech was one of the first times television was used by a politician to appeal directly to voters on an emotional level, endowing him with an image as a man of the people.

And who knows? Perhaps on the 65th anniversary of the Fala speech, we’ll get an update on Bo Obama.

Without A Set

Wednesday, May 27th, 2009

When my husband and I decided to move, we looked around our current apartment and started to think about what would come with us, and what we would sell or give away. One of the first things we landed on was our television set. At 32 inches and seven years old, it has served us well, but we both felt like it was time to move on and enter the modern world of the flatscreen. The current set is bulky, very heavy and takes up a lot of space, but the living room in our new home is a little bit smaller than where we reside at the moment. Space-saving decisions have had to be made, so we chose to upgrade to a flat-screen which we’ll mount on the wall. The problem? Our move-in date is June 5, but we agreed that the best day for a stoop sale was on Memorial Day, May 25.

We ended up giving away the old TV set to an elderly neighbor whose equally elderly television had died; truly, we could not find anyone who wanted to buy our practically ancient device. In the meantime, we’re watching TV shows and movies online from a laptop, and it’s a different experience. Years ago, as a graduate student living just above the poverty line, I went without television at all and just watched DVDs on the set I bought with my college graduation money. It was kind of great not having ads and chatter being brought into my home, but instead I was in control. So, it’s surprising to me that I miss television at all, knowing firsthand how great life can be without it.

Even with the rise of sites like Hulu and YouTube, the percentage of people who prefer to use their computer as their television remains rather low; a recent study by Pangea and YPulse found that only 10% of teens opt to watch shows on their laptop rather than on a TV set. In some ways, I can see why. The form does change the way you view content, however so slightly. While watching a movie last night, it didn’t have the same larger-than-life feel that lingers on a big screen. I had to keep hitting the mousepad every 5 minutes when the screen went blank to energy-save mode, lulling me out of my couch potato state. And since the computer is something I typically use to do work, the impulse existed to catch up on email with the movie playing in an inset window. Sure, I check email in front of a regular TV, but the difference is that I don’t feel like it’s what I’m supposed to be doing, since that isn’t the purpose of a television. It’s different on a laptop. I had more distance from what I was watching, and couldn’t quite commit in the same way.

I suppose the real test would be to ban myself (and my husband) from watching anything at all on the computer, and spend two weeks with no movies or videos whatsoever. But, come on. Moving is stressful enough, right?

Again With the Susan Boyle Youtube Video

Sunday, April 26th, 2009

Oy.  I finally sat and watched the entire Youtube video of Susan Boyle performing recently on ‘Britain’s Got Talent.’  I had to.  I’d been reading about it all over the Internet.  Well, actually, I’d been reading comments from fellow media scholars on a listserv.  I try to shield myself from some forms of popular culture as long as I can.  I actually never watch American Idol or related programs.  But that doesn’t mean I’m some sort of pop culture snob.  I love the show “Brothers and Sisters,” and one TV season, years and years ago, I was absolutely hooked on a segment of “The Bachelor.”  It was like watching an amazing train wreck.  But I digress.

Susan Boyle certainly does have talent.  Her voice is beautiful.  Everyone was buzzing about her and especially about the video of her surprising the studio audience and panel of judges who, by the rolling eyes and snarky comments during her introduction, were expecting a train wreck of sorts themselves.  That she surprised them is quite an understatement, by the way.  They were shocked that a woman of her age, who looks the way she looks, could sing…. really sing.

The obvious comments here are that we should all be ashamed of that audience and those judges–and ourselves–for assuming that those who deserve to win on a TV program showcasing artistic talent should be physically beautiful by the standards set by over 100 years of visual media.  That we should never again assume that someone–a woman–who is 47 (gasp!) should dream of hitting it big through her talent and determination, despite the fact that she looks so completely like someone’s ordinary, middle aged mom.  Shame on all of us for our superficiality and our emphasis on a woman’s looks and youth.  We’ve all learned our lesson.

Of course, we haven’t.  That’s why this video has been given so much buzz.  Susan Boyle’s appearance on British TV, and her subsequent big win, will fade away quickly and she will be replaced on the program with more young, skinny, booby, plastic women who may be able to sing a little, but who don’t have nearly the raw talent that she does.

But all of that is not really what I was wrapped up in as I watched the video.  Though angry with Simon Cowell and all the rest of them for that matter, I was mostly amazed at the very fact of the video.  Who set up  those cameras that focused on Susan?  There was at least one backstage and one on-stage.  Why do we see such deliberate, focused footage of her backstage before she goes on?  And who were those guys waiting back there with her? Do all of the participants get the same coverage?  It all seemed a bit rehearsed to me, like a dramatization of an actual event.  Or the staging of a would-be event.  And what about that song, “I Dream A Dream?”

I’m not saying it was a dramatization of a would-be event.  Clever editing can create the illusion of events that didn’t exactly happen the way they are presented later on Youtube (or any other video venue).  There was something weird about those first cut-away shots to the audience and the panelists.  We were all visually set up to be surprised by the amazing transformation of this ugly duckling into a beautiful swan once she opened her mouth.

But as one media scholar pointed out, it wasn’t actually she who was transformed.  It was us, the audience.  She stayed the same.  We were transformed from a culture/media-shaped expectation that she would embarrass herself because she wasn’t physically fit to be on that stage, to an audience appreciative of her talent IN SPITE OF her physical shortcomings.  

This video on Youtube made us all into fools.  Or did it?

 Today’s New York Times Styles section article about Susan Boyle just put us right back into our naughty, looks-obsessed ways.  The article deals with the necessity, even the science, of stereotyping, and how snap judgments are made about people, things and situations because it has some sort of survival value that goes way back in time.  No room for history here.  In that article, Susan Boyle herself is quoted as saying that, with regard to people judging you on your looks, “There’s nothing you can do about it.”

All of this ignores how we’ve been shaped by our media.  To make a short point from what could be a very long diatribe, visual media such as television (and digital extensions like Youtube) have been training us for years to value appearance so that it becomes center stage.  Ask any young (or old) woman and she’ll tell you,  the pressure is on to look not just good, but hot.  

It wasn’t always that way.  Really.  Maybe that was a long time ago.  But Susan Boyle and her beautiful voice are around right now.  Let’s see how long we give her visual media attention that’s NOT ultimately about how she looks.  Oh, that’s right, we never did.

–Katherine G. Fry

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